50 Extremely Useful PHP Tools

By Jacob Gube

PHP is one of the most widely used open-source server-side scripting languages that exist today. With over 20 million indexed domains using PHP, including major websites like Facebook, Digg and WordPress, there are good reasons why many Web developers prefer it to other server-side scripting languages, such as Python and Ruby.

PHP is faster (updated), and it is the most used scripting language in practice; it has detailed documentation, a huge community, numerous ready-to-use scripts and well-supported frameworks; and most importantly, it’s much easier to get started with PHP than with other scripting languages (Python, for example). That’s why it makes perfect sense to provide the huge community of PHP developers with an overview of useful tools and resources that can make their development process easier and more effective.

This post presents 50 useful PHP tools that can significantly improve your programming workflow. Among other things, you’ll find a plethora of libraries and classes that aid in debugging, testing, profiling and code-authoring in PHP.

Debugging Tools

• Webgrind
  Webgrind is an Xdebug profiling Web front end in PHP 5. It implements a subset of the features of kcachegrind, installs in seconds and works on all platforms. For quick ‘n’ dirty optimizations, it does the job.

  

• Xdebug
  Xdebug is one of the most popular debugging PHP extensions. It provides a ton of useful data to help you quickly find bugs in your source code. Xdebug plugs right into many of the most popular PHP applications, such as PHPEclipse and phpDesigner.
• Gubed PHP Debugger
  As the name implies, Gubed PHP Debugger is a PHP debugging tool for hunting down logic errors.
• DBG
  DBG is a robust and popular PHP debugger for use in local and remote PHP debugging. It plugs into numerous PHP IDE’s and can easily be used with the command line.
• PHP_Debug
  PHP_Debug is an open-source project that gives you useful information about your PHP code that can be used for debugging. It can output processing times of your PHP and SQL, check the performance of particular code blocks and get variable dumps in graphical form, which is great if you need a more visual output than the one given to you by print_r() or var_dump().
• PHP_Dyn
  PHP_Dyn is another excellent PHP debugging tool that’s open-source. You can trace execution and get an output of the argument and return values of your functions.
• MacGDBp
  MacGDBp is a live PHP debugger application for the Mac OS. It has all the features you’d expect from a fully featured debugger, such as the ability to step through your code and set breakpoints.

Testing and Optimization Tools

• PHPUnit
  PHPUnit is a complete port of the popular JUnit unit testing suite to PHP 5. It’s a tool that helps you test your Web application’s stability and scalability. Writing test cases within the PHPUnit framework is easy; here’s how to do it.
• SimpleTest
  SimpleTest is a straightforward unit-testing platform for PHP applications. To get up and running with SimpleTest quickly, read through this pragmatictutorial that shows you how to create a new test case.

  

• Selenium
  Selenium Remote Control (RC) is a test tool that allows you to write automated Web application UI tests in any programming language against any HTTP website using any mainstream JavaScript-enabled browser. It can be used in conjunction with PHPUnit to create and run automated tests within a Web browser.
• PHP_CodeSniffer
  PHP_CodeSniffer is a PHP 5 script for detecting conformance to a predefined PHP coding standard. It’s a helpful tool for maintaining uniform coding styles for large projects and teams.
• dBug
  dBug is ColdFusion’s cfDump for PHP. It’s a simple tool for outputting data tables that contain information about arrays, classes and objects, database resources and XML resources, making it very useful for debugging purposes.

  

• PHP Profile Class
  PHP Profile Class is an excellent PHP profiling tool for your Web applications. Using this class will help you quickly and easily gain insight into which parts of your app could use some refactoring and optimization.

Documentation Tools

• phpDocumentor
  phpDocumentor (also known as phpdoc and phpdocu) is a documentation tool for your PHP source code. It has an innumerable amount of features, including the ability to output in HTML, PDF, CHM and XML DocBook formats, and has both a Web-based and command-line interface as well as source-code highlighting. To learn more about phpDocumentor, check out the online manual.
• PHP DOX
  An AJAX-powered PHP documentation search engine that enables you to search titles from all PHP documentation pages.

Security Tools

• Securimage
  Securimage is a free, open-source PHP CAPTCHA script for generating complex images and CAPTCHA codes to protect forms from spam and abuse.
• Scavenger
  Scavenger is an open-source, real-time vulnerability management tool. It helps system administrators respond to vulnerability findings, track vulnerability findings and review accepted and false-positive answered vulnerabilities, without “nagging” them with old vulnerabilities.
• PHP-IDS
  PHP-IDS (PHP-Intrusion Detection System) is a simple-to-use, well-structured, fast and state-of-the-art security layer for your PHP-based Web application.
• Pixy: PHP Security Scanner
  Pixy is a Java program that performs automatic scans of PHP 4 source code, aimed to detect XSS and SQL injection vulnerabilities. Pixy takes a PHP program as input and creates a report that lists possible vulnerable points in the program, along with additional information for understanding the vulnerability.

Image Manipulation and Graphs

• PHP/SWF Charts
  PHP/SWF Charts is a powerful PHP tool that enables you to create attractive Web charts and graphs from dynamic data. You can use PHP scripts to generate and gather data from databases, then pass it to this tool to generate Flash (SWF) charts and graphs.
• pChart – a chart-drawing PHP library
  pChart is a PHP class-oriented framework designed to create aliased charts. Most of today’s chart libraries have a cost; this one is free. Data can be retrieved from SQL queries or CSV files or can be manually provided.

  

• WideImage
  WideImage is a PHP library for dynamic image manipulation and processing for PHP 5. To be able to use the library, you should have the GD PHP extensioninstalled on your Web server.
• MagickWand For PHP
  MagickWand For PHP is a PHP module suite for working with the ImageMagickAPI, which lets you create, compose and edit bitmap images. It’s a useful tool for quickly incorporating image-editing features in your PHP applications.

PHP Code Beautifier

• PHP_Beautifier
  PHP Beautifier is a PEAR package for automatically formatting and “beautifying” PHP 4 and PHP 5 source code.
• PHPCodeBeautifier
  PHPCodeBeautifier is a tool that saves you from hours of reformatting code to suit your own way of presenting it. A GUI version allows you to process files visually; a command-line version can be batched or integrated with other tools (like CVS, SubVersion, IDE, etc.); and there is also an integrated tool of PHPEdit.
• GeSHi – Generic Syntax Highlighter
  GeSHi is designed to be a simple but powerful highlighting class, with the goal of supporting a wide range of popular languages. Developers can easily add new languages for highlighting and define easily customizable output formats.

Version-Control Systems

• Phing
  Phing is a popular project version-control system for PHP. It is a useful tool for organizing and maintaining different builds of your project.
• xinc
  xinc is a continuous integration server version-control system written in PHP 5 (i.e. continuous builds instead of nightly builds). It works great with other systems such as Subversion and Phing.

Useful Extensions, Utilities and Classes

• SimplePie
  SimplePie is a PHP class that helps you work with RSS feeds. Check out the online RSS and Atom feed reader, which demonstrates a simple Web application that uses SimplePie.

  

• HTML Purifier
  HTML Purifier is a standards-compliant HTML filter library written in PHP. HTML Purifier not only removes all malicious code (better known as XSS) with a thoroughly audited, secure yet permissive white list, it also makes sure your documents are standards-compliant. Open source and highly customizable.
• TCPDF
  TCPDF is an open-source PHP class for generating PDF documents.
• htmlSQL
  htmlSQL is a unique tool. It is a PHP class for querying HTML values in an SQL-like syntax. Check out the live demonstration of how htmlSQL works.
• The Greatest PHP Snippet File Ever (Using Quicktext for Notepad++)
  “A little something for all coders: a snippets file that I use for PHP coding. This is designed to be used with Quicktext for Notepad++, but feel free to adapt it to whatever text editor you prefer.”
• Creole
  Creole is a database abstraction layer for PHP5. It abstracts PHP’s native database-specific API to create more portable code while also providing developers with a clean, fully object-oriented interface based loosely on the API for Java’s JDBC.
• PHPLinq
  LINQ is a component that adds native data querying capabilities to PHP using a syntax reminiscent of SQL. It defines a set of query operators that can be used to query, project and filter data in arrays, enumerable classes, XML, relational databases and third-party data sources. [via]
• PHPMathPublisher
  With PhpMathPublisher, you can publish mathematical documents on the Web using only a PHP script (no LaTeX programs on the server and no MathML).

  

• phpMyAdmin
  If you’re working with PHP, there’s a big chance you’re set up in a LAMP configuration. phpMyAdmin is Web-based tool for managing, building, importing, exporting and exploring MySQL databases.
• PHPExcel
  PHPExcel is a set of useful PHP classes for working with Microsoft Excel files. PHPExcel allows you to read Excel files and write to them. This is useful for dynamically generating Excel spreadsheets for downloading.
• Phormer
  Phormer is a PHP-based photo gallery management application that helps you to store, categorize and trim your photos online.
• xajax PHP Class Library
  xajax is a PHP class for easily working with PHP AJAX applications. It gives you an easy-to-use API for quickly managing AJAX-related tasks. Check out thexajax Multiplier demo and the Graffiti Wall demo to see the xajax PHP class in action.
• PHP User Class
  PHP User Class is an excellent script that helps you create a system for user authentication (i.e. registration, log in, account profile, etc.). It’s a useful utility to have around if you require user registration for your Web applications.
• PHP-GTK
  PHP-GTK is a PHP extension for the GTK+ toolkit (a robust toolkit for developing GUIs). It is a suite of useful OOP functions and classes to help you rapidly build cross-platform, client-side GUI’s for your application.

PHP Online Tools and Resources

• Minify!
  Minify is a PHP 5 app that can combine multiple CSS or JavaScript files, compress their content (i.e. remove unnecessary white space and comments) and serve the results with HTTP encoding (via Gzip/deflate) and headers that allow optimal client-side caching. This will help you follow several of Yahoo!’sRules for High Performance Websites.

  

• HTTP_StaticMerger: Automatic “merging” of CSS and JavaScript files
  This library automatically merges sets of static files (CSS or JavaScript) and speeds up page loading (by lowering the number of HTTP queries). It is recommended to use this together with caching reverse-proxy to minimize the response time.
• PHP Object Generator
  PHP Object Generator is an open-source Web-based tool that helps you quickly construct PHP objects and leverage object-oriented programming (OOP) principles in your code.

  

• gotAPI/PHP
  gotAPI is a useful online tool for quickly looking up PHP functions and classes. Also check out the Quick PHP look-up widget example in case you’d like to include this awesome look-up feature on your website.

  

• koders
  koders is a search engine for open-source and downloadable code. It currently has over a billion lines of code indexed and isn’t limited to just PHP.
• PECL
  PECL is a directory of all known PHP extensions and a hosting facility for downloading and developing PHP extensions.

In-Browser Tools (Firefox Add-Ons)

• FirePHP
  FirePHP is a Firefox extension that allows you to log data in Firebug. It has a variety of useful logging features, such as the ability to change your error and exception handling on the fly and to log errors directly to the Firebug console. To learn more about what FirePHP can do, check out the FirePHP guide onhow to use FirePHP. For developers using the Zend PHP framework, you might find this guide on using FirePHP with Zend useful.

  

• phpLangEditor
  phpLangEditor is a very handy Firefox add-on for translating language files and variables in your script.

  

• PHP Lookup
  PHP Lookup is a built-in search bar to help you quickly look up references to PHP syntax.
• PHP Manual Search
  PHP Manual Search is a handy search bar that searches official PHP documentation from within your Web browser.

Frameworks for PHP

• Dwoo
  Dwoo is a PHP 5 template engine positioned as an alternative to Smarty. It is (nearly) fully compatible with its templates and plug-ins, but it is being written from scratch and is aimed to go one step further with a cleaner code base.
• CodeIgniter
  CodeIgniter is a powerful, high-performance, open-source PHP framework that helps you author PHP applications rapidly. CodeIgniter is known for having a light footprint, thereby reducing your server’s work. You can get up and running with CodeIgniter in a jiffy: it has an awesome online manual, a couple of helpful video tutorials and an active user forum.

  

• YII Framework
  Here is a high-performance component-based PHP framework that is supposed to be more efficient than CodeIgniter, CakePHP, ZF and Symfony. An optimal solution for developing large-scale Web applications. Yii supports MVC, DAO/ActiveRecord, I18N/L10N, caching, jQuery-based AJAX support, authentication and role-based access control, scaffolding, input validation, widgets, events, theming and Web services.
• NetBeans
  A dedicated PHP coding environment and complete integration with web standards. The NetBeans PHP editor is dynamically integrated with NetBeans HTML, JavaScript and CSS editing features such as syntax highlighting and the JavaScript debugger. NetBeans IDE 6.5 fully supports iterative development, so testing PHP projects follows the classic patterns familiar to web developers.
• Solar
  Solar is a PHP 5 development framework for Web applications derived from the Savant templating engine. Solar uses the MVC architectural pattern and has a host of classes and functions for securing your Web app against SQL injection, cross-website scripting (XSS) and other common exploits.

  

• symfony
  symfony is an open-source PHP 5 Web application framework that is well known for its modularity and useful library of classes. To get up and running as fast as possible, you should check out the pragmatic symfony online tutorial called “The symfony 1.2 advent calendar tutorial,” which takes you through a step-by-step example of building your own symfony-based Web application.
• PEAR – PHP Extension and Application Repository
  PEAR is a popular framework and distribution system for reusable PHP components. The purpose of the framework is to provide a structured library of open-source code for PHP users, a system for code distribution and package maintenance and a standard style for PHP code.
• Propel
  Propel is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) framework for PHP 5. It allows you to access your database using a set of objects, providing a simple API for storing and retrieving data.
• {{macro}} template engine
  {{macro}} compiles initial templates into executable PHP scripts with very clean syntax (much cleaner than WACT and Smarty) and executes them very fast. The engine doesn’t use an XML-like syntax; there are only two data scopes, global and local, and no more data sources (all data is displayed with regular PHP variables); and the system supports all WACT features such as templates wrapping and including.
• Zend Framework
  The Zend Framework by Zend Technologies (the creators of PHP’s scripting engine) is a popular PHP Web application framework that embraces the principles of PHP OOP; it’s very extensible and has built-in utilities for working with free Web service APIs, such as those of Google, Flickr and Amazon.
• Qcodo
  Qcodo is an excellent open-source PHP Web application framework. It’s subdivided into two parts: (1) Code Generator, and (2) Qforms. Code Generator handles the creation of object code and PHP and HTML front-end code from your data model. Qforms is an intuitive system for handling and creating complex PHP-driven HTML Web forms. Check out demos of applications that use Qcodo and presentational material that covers Qcodo.

  

• SAJAX
  SAJAX is a JavaScript and AJAX application framework that works well with PHP (as well as several other server-side scripting languages). See SAJAX at work by going to Wall live demonstration.
• Smarty
  Smarty is a popular PHP templating system to help you separate PHP logic and front-end code (HTML, CSS, JavaScript). It will keep your projects modular and easier to maintain.
• CakePHP
  CakePHP is one of the leading PHP frameworks for creating robust, fully-featured Web applications. CakePHP has an extensive and well-organizedonline manual. If you want to learn via video tutorials, check out the CakePHP screencasts.

  

• Savant2
  Savant2 is another popular object-oriented PHP templating system. Instead of a special syntax unique to Savant2, you use PHP syntax to develop your project’s template.
• PHPSpec
  PHPSpec is a simple and intuitive PHP framework. It follows the Behavior-Driven Development principle and therefore allows you to write behavior-oriented code, oftentimes in plain English.

PHP IDEs and Editors

• PHPEclipse
  PHPEclipse is a popular PHP source-code editor that is open source and runs on all the major operating systems, such as Windows, Linux and Mac OS. It has all the features you’d expect from a PHP source-code editor, such as code-folding, syntax highlighting, hover-over tool tips and support for XDebug and DBG.

  

• PhpED
  PhpED is an excellent IDE for Windows users. It is one of the most robust and feature-packed IDEs currently out on the market and has useful features such as a built-in source-code profiler to find bottlenecks in your PHP source code and excellent integration with third-party apps and services just as front-end code validation.

  

• phpDesigner
  phpDesigner is a lightweight PHP editor/IDE that also handles front-end code and markup remarkably well. Check out the phpDesigner online tutorials, as well as screencasts on phpDesigner to help you learn more about the IDE.

  

• Zend Studio
  Zend Studio is an excellent PHP IDE for Eclipse. It’ll help you develop, deploy and manage Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) in an intuitive interface.

  

• Aptana PHP
  Aptana PHP is an open-source IDE extension/plug-in to be used in conjunction with Aptana Studio. To learn more, be sure to check out the online documentation about Aptana PHP.
• PDT
  PDT is a PHP Development Tools framework that’s part of the Eclipse project. PDT includes all the necessary tools for you to create PHP-based Web applications.
• VS.Php
  VS.Php is a PHP IDE for MS Visual Studio, making it a great IDE for recently converted ASP developers who have used MS VS to develop Web applications. To get you up and running ASAP with VS.Php, check out Jcx.Software’s online tutorials as well as its online documentation.
• PHPEdit
  PHPEdit is an excellent PHP editor/IDE with a ton of useful features and a very intuitive user interface. To learn more about why PHPEdit is a good IDE, read the 10 reasons to use PHPEdit and view the introductory screencast about PHPEdit.

Source: http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/01/20/50-extremely-useful-php-tools/

Software Testing Services

NoSQL Ecosystem

I found a very interesting article entitled "NoSQL Ecosystem" from The Rackspace Could. It dove into the fact that we need an alternative for relational databases to handle the high volume of data these days. Some examples the article gave:

The fundamental problem is that relational databases cannot handle many modern workloads. There are three specific problem areas: scaling out to data sets like Digg’s (3 TB for green badges) or Facebook’s (50 TB for inbox search) or eBay’s (2 PB overall), per-server performance, and rigid schema design.

It's a good read, I would like to hear your thoughts around this NoSQL Movement idea.

By Jonathan Ellis, Systems Architect

Unprecedented data volumes are driving businesses to look at alternatives to the traditional relational database technology that has served us well for over thirty years. Collectively, these alternatives have become known as “NoSQL databases.”

The fundamental problem is that relational databases cannot handle many modern workloads. There are three specific problem areas: scaling out to data sets like Digg’s (3 TB for green badges) or Facebook’s (50 TB for inbox search) or eBay’s (2 PB overall),per-server performance, and rigid schema design.

Businesses, including The Rackspace Cloud, need to find new ways to store and scale large amounts of data. I recently wrote a post on Cassandra, a non-relational database we have committed resources to. There are other non-relational databases being worked on and collectively, we call this the “NoSQL movement.”

The “NoSQL” term was actually coined by a fellow Racker, Eric Evans when Johan Oskarsson of Last.fm wanted to organize an event to discuss open source distributed databases. The name and concept both caught on.

Some people object to the NoSQL term because it sounds like we’re defining ourselves based on what we aren’t doing rather than what we are. That’s true, to a degree, but the term is still valuable because when a relational database is the only tool you know, every problem looks like a thumb. NoSQL is making people aware that there are other options out there. But we’re not anti-relational-database for when that really is the best tool for the job; it’s “Not Only SQL,” rather than “No SQL at all.”

One real concern with the NoSQL name is that it’s such a big tent that there is room for very different designs. If this is not made clear when discussing the various products, it results in confusion. So I’d like to suggest three axes along which to think about the many database options: scalability, data and query model, and persistence design.

I have chosen 10 NoSQL databases as examples. This is not an exhaustive list, but the concepts discussed are crucial for evaluating others as well.

Scalability

Scaling reads is easy with replication, so when we’re talking about scaling in this context, we mean scaling writes by automatically partitioning data across multiple machines. We call systems that do this “distributed databases.” These include Cassandra, HBase, Riak,Scalaris, Voldemort, and more. If your write volume or data size is more than one machine can handle then these are your only options if you don’t want to manage partitioning manually. (You don’t.)

There are two things to look for in a distributed database: 1) support for multiple datacenters and 2) the ability to add new machines to a live cluster transparently to your applications.

Non-distributed NoSQL databases include CouchDB, MongoDB, Neo4j, Redis, and Tokyo Cabinet. These can serve as persistence layers for distributed systems; MongoDB provides limited support for sharding, as does a separate Lounge project for CouchDB, and Tokyo Cabinet can be used as a Voldemort storage engine.

Data and Query Model

There is a lot of variety in the data models and query APIs in NoSQL databases.

(Respective Links: Thrift, map/reduce views, Thrift, Cursor, Graph, Collection, Nested hashes, get/put, get/put, get/put)

Some highlights:

The columnfamily model shared by Cassandra and HBase is inspired by the one described by Google’s Bigtable paper, section 2. (Cassandra drops historical versions, and addssupercolumns.) In both systems, you have rows and columns like you are used to seeing, but the rows are sparse: each row can have as many or as few columns as desired, and columns do not need to be defined ahead of time.

The Key/value model is the simplest and easiest to implement but inefficient when you are only interested in querying or updating part of a value. It’s also difficult to implement more sophisticated structures on top of distributed key/value.

Document databases are essentially the next level of Key/value, allowing nested values associated with each key. Document databases support querying those more efficiently than simply returning the entire blob each time.

Neo4J has a really unique data model, storing objects and relationships as nodes and edges in a graph. For queries that fit this model (e.g., hierarchical data) they can be1000s of times faster than alternatives.

Scalaris is unique in offering distributed transactions across multiple keys. (Discussing the trade-offs between consistency and availability is beyond the scope of this post, but that is another aspect to keep in mind when evaluating distributed systems.)

Persistence Design

By persistence design I mean, “how is data stored internally?”

The persistence model tells us a lot about what kind of workloads these databases will be good at.

In-memory databases are very, very fast (Redis achieves over 100,000 operations per second on a single machine), but cannot work with data sets that exceed available RAM. Durability (retaining data even if a server crashes or loses power) can also be a problem; the amount of data you can expect to lose between flushes (copying the data to disk) is potentially large. Scalaris, the other in-memory database on our list, tackles the durability problem with replication, but since it does not support multiple data centers your data will be still be vulnerable to things like power failures.

Memtables and SSTables buffer writes in memory (a “memtable”) after writing to an append-only commit log for durability. When enough writes have been accepted, the memtable is sorted and written to disk all at once as a “sstable.” This provides close to in-memory performance since no seeks are involved, while avoiding the durability problems of purely in-memory approaches. (This is described in more detail in sections 5.3 and 5.4 of the previously-referenced Bigtable paper, as well as in The log-structured merge-tree.)

B-Trees have been used in databases since practically the beginning of time. They provide robust indexing support, but performance is poor on rotational disks (which are still by far the most cost-effective) because of the multiple seeks involved in reading or writing anything.

An interesting variant is CouchDB’s append-only B-Trees, which avoids the overhead of seeks at the cost of limiting CouchDB to one write at a time.

Conclusion

The NoSQL movement has exploded in 2009 as an increasing number of businesses wrestle with large data volumes. The Rackspace Cloud is pleased to have played an early role in the NoSQL movement, and continues to commit resources to Cassandra and support events like NoSQL East.

NoSQL conference announcements and related discussion can be found on the Google discussion group.

Source: http://www.rackspacecloud.com/blog/2009/11/09/nosql-ecosystem/